In 1759, the Duke of Bridgewater built a canal using drainage water from his coal mines to take coal 4 miles to Manchester. This cheap and easy method of transportation was quickly seized upon by owners of coalfields in the Black Country close to Birmingham.
In 1767, British Parliament passed an act, allowing Birmingham to build a canal system. By 1769, engineer James Brindley had completed the first of the City's canals from Wednesbury to Newhall then to a wharf beyond the Gas Street Basin. By 1772, James Brindley's line extended to Wolverhampton. The canal created rapid growth in industry.
By 1800 the Industrial Revolution was in full swing and Birmingham was at the hub of a nationwide network of canals stretching from Liverpool to London, from the River Severn to River Trent.
Today, Birmingham has more canals than the famed Venice.
See it here.