Hi,
Though not conversant in the trade of scanning and printing, here's my attempt at interpreting Isisaxon's explanation.
4 base scanning yields an image file of 1024x1536.
16 base scanning yields a image file of 2048×3072.
(In addition to his numbers, also see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photo_CD for starter intro)
Print-wise, an 8R print is 8"x10" (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_printing). For good detail, you should print at 300dpi, so a 8"x10" print requires an image file of 2400x3000.
Matching the scanning/printing, you can see from the above that the 16 base scan should give a file that will be close to 300dpi printing, so my guess would be yeah - 16 base scan should be OK for printing at 8R sizes.
HTH. Additionally, hope I am correct