Is your casio camera let you do apperture priority (A mode) or speed priority (S mode) or -- may be not -- manual (M mode) ?
If can then try those first and ponder over. S mode is very easy to learn, just change the speed and you can mix and match the speed and ISO setting (assuming you can also set this).
You should be able to learn the tricks of S mode in 1 day, 2 days if you are slow. Try morning, daytime (noon - sunny) and evening. Try indoor and outdoor.
Try turning a waterfall into satin look a like.
Try action shots like panning (do it with people on bicycle is easier than car).
After than try the A mode.
If your casio does not have any of these A or S mode, then go buy a prosumer camera first (or borrow from your nice friend - be nice with him/her hor).
A mode (apperture) will take like a week to understand and a month to get used to (assuming you have other things in live like work, study, family).
Take photo and upload to your computer and compare different Apperture setting at same zoom power.
You will notice that using A mode you can achieve what you did with S mode too.
If you find yourself not frustrated and enjoy the learning process, go and check out which DSLR camera suits you.
I have not master M mode even with DSLR cos I am lazy to meter the light. I am stuck at A mode.